The Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards

一、法律依據(jù)  

A．Legal Basis

1，民事訴訟法；

   Civil Procedure Law of the People’s Republic of China (2017 Amendment) 

2，紐約公約(承認(rèn)及執(zhí)行外國(guó)仲裁裁決公約，1958年),中國(guó)1987年加入；

   New York Convention （Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards，Done at New York, June 10, 1958）. China acceded to the Convention on 1987.

3,最高人民法院關(guān)于執(zhí)行我國(guó)加入的《承認(rèn)及執(zhí)行外國(guó)仲裁裁決公約》的通知；  

  Notice of the Supreme People’s Court on Implementing the Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards Acceded to by China. (April 10, 1987)

4,最高人民法院關(guān)于人民法院處理與涉外仲裁及外國(guó)仲裁事項(xiàng)有關(guān)問(wèn)題的通知。  

  Notice of the Supreme People’s Court on the Handling by People’s Courts of Issues Concerning Foreign-related Arbitration and Foreign Arbitration

二、管轄  

B． Jurisdiction

被申請(qǐng)人主要業(yè)務(wù)所在地或者財(cái)產(chǎn)所在地的中級(jí)人民法院有權(quán)管轄外國(guó)仲裁裁決的承認(rèn)與執(zhí)行。  

There is an application to a people's court in China for recognition and enforcement of an arbitral award that was made by a foreign arbitration. The application shall be under the jurisdiction of the intermediate people's court of the place where the party against whom the application is made has domicile or where his property is located.

三、申請(qǐng)時(shí)間限制  

C.The time limited for the submission of an Application for Enforcement

2008年4月1日前，如果雙方都是法人或者組織，應(yīng)自法律文書(shū)規(guī)定的履行期間的最后一日起6個(gè)月內(nèi)向人民法院提出申請(qǐng)。如果雙方或者一方是自然人的，申請(qǐng)期限為1年。在2008年4月1日《民事訴訟法》生效之后，當(dāng)事人申請(qǐng)執(zhí)行的期限變更為2年。

Before April 1,2008, The time limit for the submission of an application for execution shall be one year, if both or one of the parties are citizens; it shall be six months if both parties are legal persons or other organizations.

After Civil Procedure Law of the People’s Republic of China (2007 Amendment) was effected on April 1,2008， it was revised to be two years.

四、申請(qǐng)材料  

D. Files list

1,申請(qǐng)書(shū)；

  Application for Recognition and Enforcement

2,裁決原件或復(fù)印件；

  Original and copy of the Foreign Arbitral Award

3,《紐約公約》規(guī)定的協(xié)議或合同;

  Arbitral agreements or contracts

4,申請(qǐng)人營(yíng)業(yè)執(zhí)照；

  Business License of the applicant

5,授權(quán)委托書(shū)；

  Power of attorney

6,以上文件的經(jīng)認(rèn)證的翻譯件。

  The above-mentioned documents must be notarized by a notarial office and authenticated by the Chinese embassy or consulate, and then translated into Chinese written language.

五、法院審查與執(zhí)行期限  

E. Examination and The time limited of Enforcement

如果人民法院決定承認(rèn)和執(zhí)行該外國(guó)裁決，法院應(yīng)在收到申請(qǐng)之日起個(gè)2月內(nèi)作出決定并在通常情況下自作出決定之日起6個(gè)月內(nèi)完成執(zhí)行。

法院的審查是重中之重，需要保持與法官的溝通和解釋。最近有法院出具過(guò)不予執(zhí)行的案例。

If a people’s court approves the recognition and enforcement of the foreign arbitral award, it shall exam and issue a written order within 2 months after receiving the application. It shall finish the enforcement within 6 months after issuing the written order.

In terms of the examination of a people’s court，Lawyer Xu thought this part is  very important. Lawyers must approach the court judge and explain the above-mentioned documents. Recently some people’s courts made written orders not to allow the enforcement.

六、關(guān)于法院決定的特殊規(guī)定

F. Other laws and regulations 

沒(méi)有最高人民法院的答復(fù)與同意，中級(jí)人民法院不能作出不予承認(rèn)或執(zhí)行外國(guó)仲裁裁決的決定。

Without the formal answer or approval of the Supreme People’s Court，an intermediate people’s court cannot make a written order not allow the enforcement.

根據(jù)最高人民法院的司法解釋，如果人民法認(rèn)為從中國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)法或者國(guó)際條約考慮最好不予承認(rèn)或執(zhí)行仲裁裁決，該人民法院在作出決定之前應(yīng)將案件上報(bào)高級(jí)人民法院審核。如果高級(jí)人民法院同意下級(jí)法院關(guān)于不予承認(rèn)或執(zhí)行裁決的意見(jiàn)，高級(jí)法院應(yīng)向最高人法院上報(bào)其意見(jiàn)并請(qǐng)求答復(fù)。

According to the documents of Judicial Interpretation Nature, if the foreign arbitral award in question fails to conform to the domestic law, or the international conventions China has entered into, or fails to comply with the principle of mutual benefit, the people's court must report to the high people's court of the jurisdiction concerned for examination before making a ruling of non-execution or refusal of recognition and execution. If the high people's court agrees to non-execution or refusal of recognition and execution, it shall report its examination opinions to the Supreme People's Court. Only after the Supreme People's Court gives its reply can the ruling of non-execution or refusal of recognition and execution be made.

在1995年8月，鑒于地方保護(hù)主義的不良影響，最高人民法院發(fā)布了《關(guān)于人民法院處理與涉外仲裁及外國(guó)仲裁事項(xiàng)有關(guān)問(wèn)題的通知》（以下稱最高院1995仲裁執(zhí)行通知）。

In August 1995， Notice of the Supreme People’s Court on the Handling by People’s Courts of Issues Concerning Foreign-related Arbitration and Foreign Arbitration was issued.

最高院1995仲裁執(zhí)行通知就以下事項(xiàng)確立了法院匯報(bào)制度：

The above-mentioned notice set up a report system

1,涉外商事案件和海商案件仲裁協(xié)議無(wú)效的認(rèn)定；

  Consider the arbitration clause or the arbitration agreement null, void or unclear to the extent of being non-executable.

2,不予受理涉外商事案件和海商案件；

  Dismiss the foreign-related economic and maritime cases.

3,不予執(zhí)行涉外仲裁裁決；

  Not enforcing a arbitral awards

4,根據(jù)紐約公約或者互惠原則，拒絕要求承認(rèn)和執(zhí)行國(guó)際仲裁裁決的申請(qǐng)。  

  According to the New York Convention and the principle of mutual benefit，a people’s court refuses the application of the recognition and enforcement of foreign arbitral awards.

徐寶同律師帶領(lǐng)的跨境商事?tīng)?zhēng)端解決團(tuán)隊(duì)由中國(guó)、英國(guó)、波蘭、新加坡、印度辦公室的多位合伙人和律師組成，專注于跨境商事?tīng)?zhēng)端解決，并多次在美國(guó)、英國(guó)、法國(guó)、新加坡、香港和瑞典等地的主要國(guó)際仲裁機(jī)構(gòu)管理的仲裁程序中代表客戶參與國(guó)際仲裁。此外，團(tuán)隊(duì)還專注境外投資法律服務(wù)，并為客戶提供有效的境外投資解決方案。

The Foreign-related Economic Dispute Resolution Department is led by

Mr. XuBaotong, an attorney-at-law and a partner of Shanghai JinKun Law Firm, and is composed of many partners and lawyers in China， Britain， Poland， Singapore and India. Lawyer Xu’s practice focuses on Commercial Arbitration and Litigation. These lawyers always are on behalf of clients to bring an action or defend in the international arbitration organizations in USA，England，F(xiàn)rance， Singapore， Hongkong，Sweden. In addition，this department also focuses on providing ODI solutions. 

特別聲明：

以上文章僅代表作者本人觀點(diǎn)，不代表上海錦坤律師事務(wù)所或其律師出具的任何形式之法律意見(jiàn)或建議。

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Author: Mr. XuBaotong 

Attorney-at-law

Partner

Commercial Arbitration and Litigation

Phone: +86-139 1721 9966

xbtlawyer@163.com